Ghislaine CHARTRON, Professeur du Cnam, Directrice de l\u2019INTD, laboratoire Dicen-Idf (EA 7339), ghislaine.chartron@lecnam.net<\/p>\n
R\u00e9sum\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\n Le d\u00e9veloppement des champs scientifiques ne rel\u00e8ve pas uniquement d\u2019individualit\u00e9s remarquables, leur dynamique entretient des liens forts avec la demande politique, sociale et \u00e9conomique comme l\u2019ont d\u00e9montr\u00e9 Gibbons et Leydesdorff en politique et sociologie des sciences. Nous d\u00e9fendrons ainsi le point de vue que les sciences de l\u2019information ont r\u00e9pondu et r\u00e9pondent encore en partie \u00e0 ce r\u00e9gime de croissance, le traitement de l\u2019information se trouvant fortement adoss\u00e9 aux technologies et aux enjeux soci\u00e9taux sans cesse renouvel\u00e9s. Plus particuli\u00e8rement, nous nous int\u00e9ressons au champ de l\u2019Information scientifique et technique (IST), qui f\u00fbt bien identifi\u00e9 en France et dont plusieurs institutions portent encore la trace (Inist, Urfist,). Le champ IST\u00a0a contribu\u00e9 au d\u00e9veloppement et \u00e0 la reconnaissance des sciences de l\u2019information en France, en phase avec cette dynamique de d\u00e9veloppement identifi\u00e9e par le mod\u00e8le de la triple h\u00e9lice de Leydersdorff.<\/p>\n La documentation scientifique fut l\u2019un des champs pionniers o\u00f9 s\u2019op\u00e9r\u00e8rent des processus d\u2019informatisation, de r\u00e9flexions sur l\u2019organisation des informations avec les nouveaux dispositifs technologiques naissants. La science de l\u2019information\u00a0se d\u00e9veloppa \u00e9troitement li\u00e9e aux probl\u00e9matiques de la documentation scientifique \u00e9lectronique dans les ann\u00e9es 60, avec l\u2019enjeu du rep\u00e9rage de l\u2019information. La contribution retrace la gen\u00e8se du champ IST en analysant, de fa\u00e7on chronologique, le d\u00e9veloppement de deux dimensions centrales : les politiques publiques men\u00e9es pour le d\u00e9veloppement de l\u2019IST et le d\u00e9veloppement des technologies mobilis\u00e9es. Une analyse compar\u00e9e de 1960 \u00e0 2000 entre Etats-Unis, Europe et la France met en \u00e9vidence d\u2019une part la dynamique du champ et le r\u00f4le moteur des Etats-Unis avec la priorit\u00e9 d\u2019enjeux politiques et \u00e9conomiques.<\/p>\n L\u2019IST semble, aujourd\u2019hui, relay\u00e9 par de nouvelles th\u00e9matiques comme l\u2019open sciences, les humanit\u00e9s num\u00e9riques, toujours au croisement innovant de l\u2019information et des technologies num\u00e9riques. Ce terrain permet de renouveler le d\u00e9bat plus large des intrications entre sciences, politique et soci\u00e9t\u00e9.<\/p>\n Ghislaine CHARTRON, Professor of CNAM, Director of INTD, Dicen-Idf laboratory (EA 7339) (ghislaine.chartron@lecnam.net)<\/p>\n Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n The development of scientific fields is not only a matter of remarkable individuals, but also their dynamics have strong links with political, social, and economic demand, as Gibbons and Leydesdorff have demonstrated in politics and the sociology of science. We thus defend the view that information sciences have been related and still in part to this growth regime. Information processing is strongly backed by constantly renewed technologies and societal issues. In particular, we are interested in the field of Scientific and Technical Information (STI; IST in French), which has been well identified in France and whose some institutions still bear the trace (Inist, Urfist). The STI field contributed to the development and recognition of information science in France, in line with this development dynamic identified by the Leydersdorff triple helix model.<\/p>\n The scientific literature was one of the pioneering fields in which automatic processing and reflections on the organization of information took place with the new technological devices. The information science has developed in close relation to the problems of electronic scientific documentation in the 1960s, with the challenge of information retrieval. This paper traces the genesis of the STI field by analyzing, chronologically, the development of two central dimensions: the public policies for the STI, and the parallel development of the mobilized technologies. A comparative analysis from 1960 to 2000 between the United States, Europe, and France highlights both the dynamics of the field and the leading role of the United States with the priority of political and economic issues.<\/p>\n The STI now appears to be relayed by new themes such as open science, digital humanities, always at the innovative crossroads of information and digital technologies. This field allows us to renew the broader debate between science, politics, and society.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Contribution de l\u2019IST au d\u00e9veloppement des sciences de l\u2019information\u00a0: gen\u00e8se des ann\u00e9es 1960-2000 Ghislaine CHARTRON, Professeur du Cnam, Directrice de l\u2019INTD, laboratoire Dicen-Idf (EA 7339), ghislaine.chartron@lecnam.net R\u00e9sum\u00e9 Le d\u00e9veloppement des champs scientifiques ne rel\u00e8ve pas uniquement d\u2019individualit\u00e9s remarquables, leur dynamique entretient des liens forts avec la demande politique, sociale et \u00e9conomique comme l\u2019ont d\u00e9montr\u00e9 Gibbons … Continuer la lecture de Paper #5<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.isko-france.asso.fr\/colloque2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/470"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.isko-france.asso.fr\/colloque2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.isko-france.asso.fr\/colloque2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.isko-france.asso.fr\/colloque2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.isko-france.asso.fr\/colloque2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=470"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/www.isko-france.asso.fr\/colloque2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/470\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":541,"href":"http:\/\/www.isko-france.asso.fr\/colloque2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/470\/revisions\/541"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.isko-france.asso.fr\/colloque2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=470"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Contribution of the IST to the development of the information sciences: genesis of the years 1960-2000<\/h5>\n